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Gene Dmel\αTub67C

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\αTub67C	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	α-Tubulin at 67C	Annotation symbol	CG8308
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0087040
Created / Updated	2007-11-15/2007-11-15
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map	3-
Cytogenetic map	67C4-67C4	Sequence location	3L:9,674,379..9,676,472 [+]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene α-Tubulin at 67C is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol αTub67C (CG8308, FBgn0087040). It has the cytological map location 67C4. Its sequence location is 3L:9674379..9676472. Its molecular function is described as: structural constituent of cytoskeleton; GTP binding; structural molecule activity; GTPase activity. It is involved in the biological processes described with 13 unique terms, many of which group under: organelle organization and biogenesis; embryonic development; multicellular organismal development; anatomical structure development; fertilization; system development; microtubule-based process; nuclear division; cell division; pronuclear migration; embryonic development ending in birth or egg hatching; sperm aster formation; cell cycle; female pronucleus formation; protein polymerization. 35 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 15 unique terms, many of which group under: embryonic nervous system; nervous system; organ system; anatomical structure; nucleus; egg; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; embryonic head; embryonic central nervous system; spindle; cell cycle; commissure; intracellular organelle. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	αTub67C (α4t) A structural gene for α-Tubulin. It is transcribed into mRNA that is maternal in origin and is synthesized in the nurse cells; the transcript accumulates in 0- to 3-hr embryos and adult ovaries (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982; Matthews et al., 1989). The protein is clearly different from the other α-Tubulins of Drosophila melanogaster as well as from those of other animal species. A stable pool of α67C tubulin is found in ovaries, unfertilized eggs, and embryos, but synthesis of the protein probably only occurs in the ovary (Matthews et al., 1989).
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 67C4-67C4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}fry02240 and P{lacW}l(3)L0539L0539&P{PZ}Dhh1rL562
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 67C-67C   (Sekelsky et al., 1999) 67C-67C (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Drosopoulou and Scouras, 1998) 67C4-67C6 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984) 67C4-67C6 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Mischke and Pardue, 1982) 67C4-67C6 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1981) 67C4-67C6 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Sanchez et al., 1980)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-   3-32.26 +/- 1.26 (Matthews et al., 1993)
Left of (cM)	th (Erdelyi and Szabad, 1989, Matthews et al., 1993) h (Erdelyi and Szabad, 1989)
Right of (cM)	ru (Erdelyi and Szabad, 1989) h (Erdelyi and Szabad, 1989, Matthews et al., 1993)
Notes	Left arm.
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\αTub67C for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) alphaTub67C-RA FBtr0076393  NM_079285   1608   462
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.8 (northern blot) (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984) 1.5 (northern blot) (Matthews et al., 1989) 2.043 (sequence analysis) (Theurkauf et al., 1986) 1.3 (unknown) (Baum et al., 1983) 1.7 (northern blot) (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)
Comments	The primary northern blot analysis of αTub67C showed hybridization to four bands, however, with further experimentation the authors were able to show that it was specifically the 1.7 kb band which corresponded to this gene, as only this band was detected in blots probed with the 3\\' region of the gene as well as the 5\\' region of the gene. (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein alphaTub67C-PA   FBpp0076122   51.2   462   4.89     NP_524009   AAF50226
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)	462 (aa); 55 (kD predicted) (Theurkauf et al., 1986)
Comments	The location of maternal and constitutive α-tubulins is indistinguishable until ~8 hrs of development as determined by staining with maternal α-tubulin-specific and general α-tubulin antibodies. (Theurkauf, 1992)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Tubulin (IPR000217) Alpha tubulin (IPR002452) Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase (IPR003008) Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal (IPR008280)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA246887   AA263226   AA391232   AA567176   AA567178   AA694706   AA695060   AA696384   AA696830   AA736016   AA803672   AA951758   AE003551 AAF50226   AI239152   AI513936   BI231654   BI352431   BI352976   BI355807   BI357995   BT011034   M14646 AAA28988
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P06606
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Maps to
Does NOT map to
Identified with	RE44641 (BDGP Project Members, 2000-)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References rescue fragment αTub67C[+t7] 3L:9,673,037..9,679,204 comment=Rescues αTub67C[1], αTub67C[2], αTub67C[3], and αTub67C[4]; position of restriction fragment on reference sequence inferred by FlyBase curator evidence=experimental linked_to=BamHI-BamHI_rfrag (Matthews et al., 1993)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  oogenesis stage,adult stage | stage >=S10B  oocyte (Matthews et al., 1989)  adult stage   (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)  embryonic stage | 0-2 hr   (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)  oogenesis stage,adult stage | stage <=S10B  nurse cell (Matthews et al., 1989)  oogenesis stage,adult stage  ovary (Matthews et al., 1989)  larval stage   (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)  embryonic stage | 0-12 hr   (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)  embryonic stage | stage 1-4   (Matthews et al., 1989)  embryonic stage | early   (Matthews et al., 1989)  pupal stage   (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)  oogenesis stage,adult stage | stage >=S1  egg chamber (Matthews et al., 1989)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  embryonic stage | early   (Theurkauf, 1992)  embryonic stage | 10 hr  longitudinal connectives (Theurkauf, 1992)  embryonic stage   (Matthews et al., 1989)  oogenesis stage,adult stage  ovary (Matthews et al., 1989)  embryonic stage | 10 hr  ventral nerve cord commissure (Theurkauf, 1992)  embryonic stage  midline (Theurkauf, 1992)  oogenesis stage | unfertilized egg   (Matthews et al., 1989)  embryonic stage  embryonic central nervous system (Theurkauf, 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
External Data & Images
Linkouts
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4Dll-md23 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4sca-109-68 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4esg-NP5130 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4elav-PG159 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS lethal | dominant | embryonic stage | maternal effect αTub67Ckav-21g lethal | dominant | embryonic stage | maternal effect | conditional - cold sensitive αTub67CTom-3a lethal | dominant | embryonic stage 1 | maternal effect αTub67Ckav-18c lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-3a αTub67CTom-4091 αTub67Ckav-18c αTub67Ckav-21g αTub67Ckav-21l lethal | embryonic stage 1 | maternal effect (with Df(3R)55) αTub67Ckav-rX21 lethal | embryonic stage 1 | maternal effect (with Df(3L)21mrx1) αTub67Ckav-rX21 lethal | embryonic stage 2 | maternal effect (with Df(3R)55) αTub67Ckav-21g lethal | embryonic stage 2 | maternal effect (with Df(3L)21mrx1) αTub67Ckav-21g Other Phenotypes Allele wild-type αTub67C+t7 meiotic cell cycle defective | dominant αTub67C1 αTub67C2 αTub67C3 αTub67C4 αTub67CP40 αTub67CP40Δ Sterility Allele female sterile αTub67C1 αTub67C3 αTub67CRE1.1 αTub67CRE2.1 αTub67CRE3.1 αTub67CRE3.2 αTub67CRE3.3 αTub67CRP1.1 αTub67CRP3.1 αTub67CRX1.1 αTub67CRX2.1 αTub67CRX2.2 αTub67CRX3.1 female sterile (with Df(3R)55) αTub67Ckav-rX21 female sterile (with Df(3L)21mrx1) αTub67Ckav-rX21 female sterile (with αTub67C1) αTub67C3 female sterile (with αTub67C3) αTub67C1 female sterile | recessive αTub67C1 αTub67C2 αTub67C3 αTub67C4 αTub67CP40 female sterile | dominant αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-3a αTub67CTom-4091 αTub67Ckav-18c αTub67Ckav-21g αTub67Ckav-21l female sterile | dominant | conditional - cold sensitive αTub67CTom-3a female sterile | semidominant αTub67C3 female sterile, with Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS female sterile, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4Dll-md23 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4sca-109-68 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4esg-NP5130 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS fertile, with Scer\GAL4elav-PG159 αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS Phenotype manifest in Allele spindle & cleavage nucleus αTub67Ckav-18c αTub67Ckav-21g centrosome & cleavage nucleus αTub67Ckav-18c αTub67Ckav-21g embryonic head | maternal effect αTub67Ckav-21g spindle & embryo (with αTub67Cunspecified) αTub67C1 αTub67C2 αTub67C3 αTub67C4 spindle | ectopic (with αTub67Cunspecified) αTub67C1 αTub67C2 αTub67C3 αTub67C4 female pronucleus αTub67C3 αTub67CRE1.1 αTub67CRE2.1 αTub67CRE3.1 αTub67CRE3.2 αTub67CRE3.3 αTub67CRX2.1 αTub67CRX2.2 αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-3a αTub67CTom-4091 oocyte αTub67CP40 meiotic metaphase I αTub67CP40 oocyte & chromatin αTub67CP40 polar body nucleus αTub67CRE1.1 αTub67CRE2.1 αTub67CRE3.1 αTub67CRE3.2 αTub67CRE3.3 αTub67CRX2.1 αTub67CRX2.2 αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-4091 embryo αTub67CRP1.1 αTub67CRP3.1 αTub67CRX2.1 αTub67CRX2.2 male pronucleus αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-3a αTub67CTom-4091 egg αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-4091 embryo & centrosome αTub67CTom-16d αTub67CTom-4091 embryo | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a embryonic peripheral nervous system | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a embryonic central nervous system | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a embryonic brain | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a commissure | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a longitudinal connective | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a sensory neuron & embryo | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a ventral nerve cord | maternal effect αTub67CTom-3a spindle & embryo (with αTub67C2) αTub67Cunspecified spindle | ectopic (with αTub67C2) αTub67Cunspecified spindle & embryo (with αTub67C4) αTub67Cunspecified spindle | ectopic (with αTub67C4) αTub67Cunspecified spindle & embryo (with αTub67C1) αTub67Cunspecified spindle | ectopic (with αTub67C1) αTub67Cunspecified spindle & embryo (with αTub67C3) αTub67Cunspecified spindle | ectopic (with αTub67C3) αTub67Cunspecified spindle & cleavage nucleus (with Df(3R)55) αTub67Ckav-rX21 centrosome & cleavage nucleus (with Df(3R)55) αTub67Ckav-rX21 spindle & cleavage nucleus (with Df(3L)21mrx1) αTub67Ckav-rX21 centrosome & cleavage nucleus (with Df(3L)21mrx1) αTub67Ckav-rX21
Classical Alleles ( 29 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of αTub67C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion αTub67C1 hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- αTub67C2 hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- αTub67C3 antimorph, hypomorph X ray 4 -- αTub67C4 hypomorph diepoxybutane 0 -- αTub67CP40 Δ2-3 0 Yes αTub67CP40Δ P-element activity 0 Yes αTub67CRE1.1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CRE2.1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CRE3.1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CRE3.2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CRE3.3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CRP1.1 hypomorph P-element activity 0 -- αTub67CRP3.1 P-element activity 0 -- αTub67CRX1.1 X ray 0 -- αTub67CRX2.1 X ray 0 -- αTub67CRX2.2 X ray 0 -- αTub67CRX3.1 X ray 0 -- αTub67CTom-16d antimorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CTom-3a antimorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67CTom-4091 antimorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67Ckav-18c antimorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes αTub67Ckav-21g antimorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes αTub67Ckav-21l ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67Ckav-rX21 loss of function X ray 0 Yes αTub67Ckav-re11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67Ckav-re12 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67Ckav-re22 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67Ckav-re31 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- αTub67Cunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of αTub67C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion αTub67C+t7 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes αTub67C+tVa in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes αTub67C1530-2045.dsRNA in vitro construct | RNAi 0 Yes αTub67C18c.Scer\UAS in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes αTub67C995-1491.dsRNA in vitro construct | RNAi 0 Yes αTub67CGD13885 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 2 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(3L)AC1
Useful duplication	Dp(3;3)M67C+2
Duplicated in	Dp(3;3)S2a2 (Mathe et al., 1998, Venkei and Szabad, 2005)
Disrupted in	Df(3L)21mrx1 (Venkei and Szabad, 2005) Df(3L)55 (Venkei et al., 2006) Df(3L)AC1 (Komma and Endow, 1995) Df(3L)BSC118 (Andrade and Cook, 2005.7.22) Df(3L)BSC391 (Christensen et al., 2007.10.29) Df(3L)BSC392 (Christensen et al., 2007.10.29) Df(3L)Exel6114 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3R)55 (Venkei and Szabad, 2005)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data characterization construct P{Tub67C-Mmus\Casc3.GFP} NA P{αTub67C+} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{?lacW}αTub67CP40Δ NA insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}αTub67CP40 No
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data Loss-of-function mutations are female sterile. These alleles show a dominant reduction in female fertility (FBrf0058107).   This maternally provided tubulin is found in all classes of microtubule from syncitial blastoderm to completion of germ band retraction, subsequently it is only retained in the CNS. Its localisation is not affected by mutations in other tubulins. (Theurkauf, 1992) A PCR based assay has been used to determine whether the encoded mRNAs exhibit changes in poly(A) status upon translational activation. (Salles et al., 1994) Mutant females produce androgenetic offspring, the mutant protein results in an aberrant oocyte- and early-embryo-specific α-tubulin. The production of androgenetic exceptions is greatly enhanced when the parental females are heterozygous for αTub67C and homozygous for ncdD. (Komma and Endow, 1995) Mutations in αTub67C specifically impair achiasmate segregation. (Matthies et al., 1999) sub mutants do not interact with alleles of γTub37C, αTub67C, msps, tacc or wisp. (Giunta et al., 2002) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene in S2 cell results in dim staining of microtubules, and a short monopolar spindle. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA. (Goshima et al., 2007)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 20 )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
GTP binding non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1988.1.1) inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000217, InterPro:IPR002452, InterPro:IPR008280 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
GTPase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008280 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
structural constituent of cytoskeleton inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)
structural molecule activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002452 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
central nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Mathe et al., 1998)
embryonic cleavage inferred from mutant phenotype (Mathe et al., 1998)
embryonic development inferred from mutant phenotype (Mathe et al., 1998)
embryonic development ending in birth or egg hatching inferred from mutant phenotype (Erdelyi and Szabad, 1989)
female pronucleus formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Komma and Endow, 1997)
microtubule-based movement inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002452 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
microtubule-based process inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)
mitotic spindle organization and biogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Venkei and Szabad, 2005) inferred from mutant phenotype (Goshima et al., 2007) </