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Gene Dmel\kst

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\kst	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	karst	Annotation symbol	CG12008
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0004167
Created / Updated	2003-12-01/2008-06-17
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	63D2-63D2	Sequence location	3L:3,337,103..3,368,133 [+]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene karst is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol kst (CG12008, FBgn0004167). It has the cytological map location 63D2. Its sequence location is 3L:3337103..3368133. Its molecular function is described as: cytoskeletal protein binding; actin binding; microtubule binding. It is involved in the biological processes: zonula adherens assembly; cytokinesis; plasma membrane organization and biogenesis; ovarian follicle cell development; rRNA processing. 8 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 12 unique terms, many of which group under: organ system; peripheral nervous system; nervous system; follicle cell; anatomical structure; adult; adult tracheal system; rhabdomere; adult segment; germ cell. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides.
External Summaries
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 63D2-63D2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}kst01318 and P{PZ}Sc205634
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 63C-63D   (Thomas, 1997.9.3) 62B-62B   (Kiehart, 1994.3.10) 63D1-63D2   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 63C-63D (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Dubreuil et al., 1990)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\kst for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
	DGC clone LP04011 appears problematic: incomplete CDS
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) kst-RA FBtr0073070  NM_079176   13453   4097 kst-RB FBtr0073071  NM_206266   13516   4118 kst-RC FBtr0073072  NM_206265   13783   4207 kst-RE FBtr0300017     13376   4337
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	13.0 | predicted (northern blot) (Dubreuil et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein kst-PA   FBpp0072934   471.6   4097   6.26     NP_523900   AAF47766 kst-PB   FBpp0089203   474.1   4118   6.33     NP_995988   AAS64958 kst-PC   FBpp0089204   483.7   4207   6.36     NP_995987   AAS64957 kst-PE   FBpp0289294   497.6   4337   6.43
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)	430 (kD) (Dubreuil et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts	PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways • FBgn0004167
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ribosome-binding factor A (IPR000238) Src homology-3 (IPR001452) Actinin-type, actin-binding, conserved site (IPR001589) Spectrin/pleckstrin-like (IPR001605) Calponin-like actin-binding (IPR001715) Pleckstrin-like (IPR001849) Spectrin repeat (IPR002017) Pleckstrin homology-type (IPR011993) Calponin-homology (IPR016146)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA440620   AE003477 AAF47766   AE003477 AAS64957   AE003477 AAS64958   AF022656 AAB87867   AI063789   AI064287   AI135735   AI257587   AI258646   AI260276   AI388437   AI405072   AI405649   AI534864   AI546578   AQ034046   AW944028   AY119626 AAM50280   BG632125   BG633058   BG633326   BG639274   BG639473   BQ103425   CK132465   CO154713   CO156133   CO272211   CO299748   CO313196   CO322964   CO331509   CO337007   CZ477606   DQ327798   EC065174   EC065550   EC078389   EC079120   EC079130   EC197861   EC200652   EC202650   EC216497   EC245230   EC245608   EC262397   EC264825   EC266508   EL874747   EL874991   EL875093   EL880329   GH03768   GH19353   LP01888   SD01128   U07629 AAA21249   X53992 CAA37939
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q23980 Q7KQ57 Q7KV69 Q7KV70 Q8MRH2 Q99140 Q9VZQ3
Maps to
Does NOT map to
Identified with	LD15457 LP04011 (BDGP Project Members, 2000-)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts	DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 2199
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  oogenesis stage,adult stage | early  plasma membrane <of> follicle cell | apical (de Cuevas et al., 1996)  larval stage  apical | plasma membrane <of> salivary gland (Dubreuil et al., 1997)  oogenesis stage,adult stage | early  plasma membrane <of> germline stem cell (de Cuevas et al., 1996)  oogenesis stage,adult stage  apical | plasma membrane <of> follicle cell (Dubreuil et al., 1997)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term	plasma membrane (Dubreuil et al., 1997)
Microarray Data
	Developmental timecourse, Costello et al., 2008 (Original data from Arbeitman et al., 2002) AI063789 AI260276 AI258646 AI388437
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0004167 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0004167 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0004167
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable kst01318 lethal (with kst2) kst1 kstB1-14.1 lethal (with kst1) kst2 kstB1-14.1 lethal (with kstB1-14.1) kst1 kst2 lethal | larval stage | partially | recessive kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 semi-lethal | recessive kst01318 kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 Other Phenotypes Allele visible | recessive kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 Sterility Allele sterile | partially | recessive kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 Phenotype manifest in Allele rhabdomere | somatic clone (with kst2) kst1 photoreceptor cell stalk (with kst2) kst1 eye kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 wing kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 ommatidium kst1 kst2 photoreceptor cell R7 kst1 kst2 adult tracheal system kst1 kst2 kstB1-14.1 rhabdomere | somatic clone (with kst1) kst2 photoreceptor cell stalk (with kst1) kst2 border follicle cell kstunspecified oocyte kstunspecified follicle cell kstunspecified centripetally migrating follicle cell kstunspecified nurse cell kstunspecified wing & epithelial cell kstunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of kst Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion kst01318 P-element activity 1 Yes kst1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes kst2 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kstB1-14.1 loss of function 0 -- kstE17A.1 0 -- kstd11183 P-element activity 2 -- kstunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 1 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of kst Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion kstGD1472 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 2 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(3L)1227
Useful duplication	Dp(3;3)SMG38
Disrupted in	Df(3L)1226 (Thomas et al., 1998) Df(3L)Exel6093 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3L)HR370 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Not disrupted in	Df(3L)HR119 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(3L)M21 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD1472} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{PZ}kst01318 Yes insertion of mobile activating element P{XP}kstd11183 NA
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data A kst cDNA has been cloned and sequenced. The structure and properties of a kst α-Spec heterodimer protein have been studied. (Dubreuil et al., 1990) kst mutant individuals have a pleiotropic phenotype characterised by extensive larval lethality and, in adult escapers, rough eyes, bent wings, tracheal defects and infertility. (Thomas et al., 1998) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells: binucleate cells. (Kiger et al., 2003)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
actin binding inferred from direct assay (Sisson et al., 2000) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Roper et al., 2002)
cytoskeletal protein binding inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)
microtubule binding inferred from direct assay (Sisson et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cytokinesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Kiger et al., 2003)
ovarian follicle cell development traceable author statement (Dobens and Raftery, 2000)
plasma membrane organization and biogenesis traceable author statement (Sisson et al., 2000)
rRNA processing inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000238 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
zonula adherens assembly traceable author statement (Medina et al., 2002)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
apicolateral plasma membrane traceable author statement (Tepass et al., 2001)
spectrin inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	protein_coding_gene   nuclear_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions kst allele Gene References kst01318 vri (Szuplewski et al., 2003) BicD (Nguyen and Suter, 1997, Nguyen, 1997.4.17) peb (Wilk et al., 2004) kst1 crb (Pellikka et al., 2002, Medina et al., 2002) kst2 crb (Pellikka et al., 2002, Medina et al., 2002) kstB1-14.1 crb (Medina et al., 2002)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions • 63913 Drosophila PIMRider - The Drosophila Protein Interaction map • 522475
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dere\GG15134 Dpse\GA11331 Dsec\GM14568 Dvir\GJ12986 Dwil\GK20379 Dyak\GE21360
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dgri\kst   Dmir\CG12008 (Thornton, 2005.12.20) Dpse\GA11331
Linkouts	InParanoid orthologs - Eukaryotic orthologs • ENSANGP00000017034 Anopheles gambiae (Ensembl) ENSBTAP00000008931 Bos taurus (Ensembl) ENSCAFP00000014488 Canis familiaris (Ensembl) NEWSINFRUP00000128658 Takifugu rubripes (Ensembl) ENSP00000317790 Homo sapiens (Ensembl) ENSMMUP00000005126 Macaca mulatta (Ensembl) ENSMODP00000022397 Monodelphis domestica (Ensembl) ENSXETP00000034450 Xenopus tropicalis (Ensembl) WBGene00041700 Caenorhabditis briggsae (Wormbase) WBGene00004855 Caenorhabditis elegans (Wormbase)
Functional Complementation between Species
Inter-Species Misexpression Data
Produces phenotype in
Produces NO phenotype in
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 5 )
Harvard	- P{XP}kstd11183
VDRC	v37074 w1118; P{GD1472}v37074 v37075 w1118; P{GD1472}v37075
Bloomington	19345 w1118; P{XP}kstd11183/TM6B, Tb1 11528 P{PZ}kst01318 l(3)72Dq01318 ry506/TM3, ryRK Sb1 Ser1
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR19M09 BACR17M19
cDNA Clones ( 25 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Se