A Database of Drosophila Genes & Genomes

FB2008_07, released August 8, 2008
 

Gene Dmel\βTub85D

General Information
SymbolDmel\βTub85DSpeciesD. melanogaster
Nameβ-Tubulin at 85DAnnotation symbolCG9359
Feature typeprotein_coding_geneFlyBase IDFBgn0003889
Created / Updated2003-12-01/2003-12-01
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)3RRecombination map3-48.5
Cytogenetic map85D15-85D15Sequence location3R:5,234,075..5,236,004 [-]
Map ( GBrowse ) detailed view
hide Summary Information
Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information
The gene β-Tubulin at 85D is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol βTub85D (CG9359, FBgn0003889). It has the cytological map location 85D15. Its sequence location is 3R:5234075..5236004. Its molecular function is described as: structural constituent of cytoskeleton; GTP binding; structural molecule activity; GTPase activity. It is involved in the biological processes: microtubule-based process; microtubule-based movement; protein polymerization. 20 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 14 unique terms, many of which group under: organ system; anatomical structure; cell cycle; intracellular organelle part; elongation stage spermatid; germ cell; organism; M phase of meiotic cell cycle; cytoskeletal part; meiotic cell cycle; cell cycle process; spermatocyte; spermatozoon; meiosis II; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; spindle; intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide.

External Summaries

hide Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage
βTub85D (β2t)
A structural gene for β-tubulin. It is transcribed into mRNA that is testis-specific; the mRNA is translated into a β-tubulin subunit that is involved in the formation of microtubules in the sperm tail axoneme, the cytoplasmic microtubules, and the meiotic spindle (Kemphues et al., 1982; Fuller et al., 1988). Only the microtubules of the mitotic spindle are not affected by a null mutation in βTub85D. The first mutant discovered, βTub85DD (Kemphues et al., 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983), codes in males for an electrophoretic variant of β2-tubulin that causes disruption of microtubule function in all stages of spermatogenesis (beginning with meiosis) and shows abnormal spindle formation, abnormal chromosome movement, and no cytokinesis. This phenotype is expressed in males in both homo- and heterozygotes; mutants heterozygous over wild type contain both wild-type and mutant β2-tubulins; mutants over a deficiency for the locus contain only mutant β2-tubulin. Severity of effect on meiosis is as follows: βTub85DD/βTub85DD > βTub85DD/+ > βTub85DD/+/+, the first two genotypes being sterile and the last weakly fertile. All females are fertile. Chromosome replication and condensation appear normal. Recessive male-sterile mutations have also been induced, two of them in βTub85DD chromosomes and the rest in βTub85D+ chromosomes. Testes of flies homozygous for the recessives βTub85D3, βTub85D4, βTub85DDrv1, and βTub85DDrv2 synthesize, but later degrade, both α-Tubulin and β-tubulin and show abnormalities in meiotic divisions, nuclear shaping, and formation of the flagellar axoneme (Kemphues et al., 1982, 1983; Fuller, 1986). The most extreme recessive allele, βTub85Dn, is male sterile but female fertile when homozygous (Fuller et al., 1988); heterozygotes raised at 25 are male fertile, but those raised at 18 are male sterile. Recessive alleles βTub85D6 - βTub85D10 seem to accumulate normal amounts of β-tubulin but the β-tubulin subunits are defective. βTub85D6, βTub85D7, and βTub85D8 cause different defects in spermatogenesis. βTub85D8 is unable to form normal closed microtubules (Fuller et al., 1987); in homozygous males it is defective in meiosis, nuclear shaping, and flagellar elongation. This allele is semi-dominant; heterozygous males with one normal and one abnormal tubulin subunit, form some functional sperm. Transheterozygotes between ms(3)nc (second site non-complementing) mutations and certain βTub85D alleles are male sterile even if wild-type copies of both genes are present (Fuller, 1986); a deletion of a ms(3)nc mutation in a heterozygote over βTub85Dn, however, is fertile in males.
hide Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
85D15-85D15  
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L4092L4092 and P{PZ}ps10615&P{PZ}Ras85D06677  
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
85D-85D
(determined by in situ hybridisation)  
(Michiels et al., 1989)
85D-85D
(determined by in situ hybridisation)  
(Bialojan et al., 1984)
85D-85D
(determined by in situ hybridisation)  
(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
85D-85D
(determined by in situ hybridisation)  
(Sanchez et al., 1980)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
3-48.5
 
3-48.49
(Kemphues et al., 1980)
Left of (cM)
(Fuller et al., 1988)
Right of (cM)
(Kemphues et al., 1980, Fuller et al., 1988)
Notes
βTub85D6 maps to 48.45 +/- 0.2. βTub85D7 maps to 48.57 +/- 0.16. βTub85D8 maps to 48.54 +/- 0.16.
(Fuller et al., 1988)
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)
References
Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)
References
hide Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\βTub85D for information on other features
detailed view FBtr0082030 FBtr0082046 FBtr0082045 FBpp0081508 FBpp0081524 FBpp0081523 FBti0042449
Comments on Gene Model
hide Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Associated CDS (aa)
betaTub85D-RA
FBtr0082046
 NM_079566
  1871
  446
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
2.2 (northern blot)
(Bialojan et al., 1984, Michiels et al., 1987)
1.338 (sequence analysis)
(Rudolph et al., 1987)
2.0, 1.8 (northern blot)
(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
hide Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kD)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank protein
betaTub85D-PA  
FBpp0081524  
49.9  
446  
4.45  
  NP_524290
  AAF54373
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)
446 (aa)
(Michiels et al., 1987)
446 (aa); 55 (kD predicted)
(Rudolph et al., 1987)
Comments
Polypeptides were identified in wing imaginal discs and in the CME W2 wing imaginal disc cell line by 2D gel electrophoresis and by microsequencing.
(Santaren et al., 1993)
External Data
Linkouts
PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways
•
Crossreferences
InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites
•
Tubulin (IPR000217)
Beta tubulin (IPR002453)
Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase (IPR003008)
Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal (IPR008280)
Beta tubulin, autoregulation binding site (IPR013838)
hide Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
Name
AE003682
AAF54373
 
AI062738
 
AI062808
 
AI107011
 
AI109838
 
AI135799
 
AI293577
 
AI389375
 
AI402740
 
AI402817
 
AI404763
 
AI946525
 
AY118725
AAM50585
 
BE975033
 
BE976193
 
BE977779
 
BE977794
 
BE978149
 
BF486508
 
BF487534
 
BF488289
 
BF488508
 
BF488524
 
BF488914
 
BF489064
 
BF489305
 
BF489708
 
BF490232
 
BF490306
 
BF491176
 
BF491818
 
BF493326
 
BF494694
 
BF496644
 
BF497129
 
BF497455
 
BF499790
 
BF501088
 
BF501269
 
BF501411
 
BF501678
 
BF501886
 
BF502507
 
BF502830
 
BF502975
 
BF504643
 
BF506586
 
BG633749
 
BG635375
 
EC063283
 
M20420
AAA28991
 
X06139
CAA29498
 
X06141
 
 
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Maps to
    Does NOT map to
    Identified with
    (Oliver, 2001.8.16)
    (BDGP Project Members, 2000-, Oliver, 2001.8.16)
    hide Mapped Features & Mutations
    Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here
    Type
    Symbol & Location
    Additional Notes
    References
    point mutation
    βTub85D[Drv2]
    3R:5,235,766..5,235,766
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=A5235766T
    pr_change=E3D|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=A?T
    reported_pr_change=E3D
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[3]
    3R:5,235,701..5,235,701
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=C5235701T
    pr_change=S25L|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=C?T
    reported_pr_change=S25L
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[6]
    3R:5,235,608..5,235,608
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5235608A
    pr_change=G56D|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=G?A
    reported_pr_change=G56D
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[10g]
    3R:5,235,488..5,235,488
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5235488A
    pr_change=G96E|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=G?A
    reported_pr_change=G96E
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[7]
    3R:5,235,435..5,235,435
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5235435A
    pr_change=D114N|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=G?A
    reported_pr_change=D114N
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[D]
    3R:5,235,136..5,235,136
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5235136A
    pr_change=E194K|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=G?A
    reported_pr_change=E194K
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[Drv1]
    3R:5,234,928..5,234,928
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=T5234928A
    pr_change=L263Q|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=T?A
    reported_pr_change=L263Q
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[n]
    3R:5,234,890..5,234,890
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=C5234890T
    pr_change=R276@|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=C?T
    reported_pr_change=R276@
    (Fackenthal et al., 1993)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[8]
    3R:5,234,854..5,234,854
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5234854A
    pr_change=E288K|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=G?A
    reported_pr_change=E288K
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995, Hoyle and Raff, 1990, Fuller et al., 1988)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[4]
    3R:5,234,511..5,234,511
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5234511A
    pr_change=G402E|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_na_change=G?A
    reported_pr_change=G402E
    (Fackenthal et al., 1995)
    point mutation
    βTub85D[432]
    3R:5,234,422..5,234,422
    evidence=experimental
    na_change=G5234422T
    pr_change=E432@|betaTub85D-PA
    reported_pr_change=E432@
    (Hoyle et al., 1995)
    rescue fragment
    βTub85D[+t4.55]
    3R:5,233,725..5,238,390
    comment=Position of restriction fragment on reference sequence inferred by FlyBase curator.
    evidence=experimental
    linked_to=SalI-XbaI_rfrag
    (Hoyle and Raff, 1990)
    hide External Data
    Linkouts
    DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs
    •
    Crossreferences
    hide Expression Data
    FlyBase-Curated Data
    Transcript and
    Protein data     		Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
    hide Summary of Transcript Expression
    Stage
    Tissue/Position
    Reference
     adult stage,spermatogenesis
     testis
    (Bialojan et al., 1984)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     pupal stage
     
    (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     embryonic stage
     larval muscle system
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     embryonic stage | 0-3 hr
     
    (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
     pupal stage
     
    (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
     prepupal stage
     
    (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
     prepupal stage
     
    (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
     larval stage | third instar
     
    (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)
     embryonic stage
     somatic mesoderm
    (Corbin et al., 1991)
    Marker for
      Subcellular Localization
      CV Term
      hide Summary of Polypeptide Expression
      Stage
      Tissue/Position
      Reference
       larval stage | third instar
       dorsal mesothoracic disc
      (Santaren et al., 1993)
      Marker for
        Subcellular Localization
        CV Term
        hide External Data & Images
        Linkouts
        FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
        •
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        •
        GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies
        •
        FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
        •
        Show all FlyExpress processed images for βTub85D
        hide Alleles & Phenotypes
        hide Summary of Allele Phenotypes
        Other Phenotypes
        Allele
        wild-type
        meiotic cell cycle defective
        meiotic cell cycle defective | male
        meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with βTub85D7)
        meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with βTub85Dn)
        cytokinesis defective
        cytokinesis defective | male | recessive
        electrophoretic variant
        Sterility
        Allele
        male sterile
        male sterile (with βTub85D6)
        male sterile (with βTub85D7)
        male sterile (with βTub85D8)
        male sterile (with βTub85Dn)
        male sterile | recessive
        male sterile | dominant
        male sterile | semidominant
        male sterile, with βTub85Dn
        male sterile, with βTub85D432
        male fertile
        male fertile (with βTub85D6)
        male fertile (with βTub85D8)
        female fertile
        Phenotype manifest in
        Allele
        microtubule
        testis
        microtubule & testis
        spermatid
        primary spermatocyte cyst
        axoneme
        spermatozoon
        spermatid axoneme, with βTub85Dn
        spermatozoon, with βTub85Dn
        spermatid axoneme
        spermatozoon & axoneme
        seminal vesicle
        Nebenkern derivative
        meiotic cell cycle | male
        meiotic cell cycle & spindle | male
        meiosis II
        meiosis I
        spindle & meiotic cell cycle | male
        spindle
        spermatid & nucleus
        spermatocyte
        spermatid axoneme, with βTub85D432
        spermatozoon, with βTub85D432
        hide Classical Alleles ( 15 )
        For All Classical Alleles Show

        Allele of βTub85DClassMutagenStocksKnown lesion
        βTub85D100 --
        βTub85D10g0 Yes
        βTub85D110 --
        βTub85D32 Yes
        βTub85D40 Yes
        βTub85D6loss of function1 Yes
        βTub85D7loss of function, hypomorph0 Yes
        βTub85D8loss of function0 Yes
        βTub85D90 --
        βTub85DD7 Yes
        βTub85DDrv11 Yes
        βTub85DDrv22 Yes
        βTub85DHP37453
          		1 --
          βTub85Dnamorph, loss of function2 Yes
          βTub85Dunspecified
            		0 --
            hide Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
            For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

            Allele of βTub85DClassMutagenStocksKnown lesion
            βTub85D+t4.550 Yes
            βTub85D397amorph0 Yes
            βTub85D4320 Yes
            βTub85DGD142001 Yes
            βTub85DcRa1 Yes
            hide Aneuploid Aberrations
            Useful deficiency
             
            Useful duplication
             
            Disrupted in
             
            Not disrupted in
            (Kemphues et al., 1983)
            (Kemphues et al., 1983)
            hide Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
            Transgenic Constructs
            Type of construct
            Name
            Expression data
            reporter construct
            P{-38/+150-TCE}
            No
            P{-38/+50-TCE}
            No
            P{Mut10}
            No
            P{Mut11}
            No
            P{Mut12}
            No
            P{Mut18}
            No
            P{Mut19}
            No
            P{Mut1}
            Yes
            P{Mut20}
            No
            P{Mut21}
            No
            P{Mut22}
            No
            P{Mut23}
            No
            P{Mut24}
            No
            P{Mut2}
            No
            P{Mut3}
            No
            P{Mut4}
            No
            P{Mut5}
            No
            P{Mut6}
            No
            P{Mut7}
            No
            P{Mut8}
            No
            P{Mut9}
            No
            P{W-AP}
            No
            P{W-APβ3L}
            No
            P{W-APβ3S}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-109}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-127}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-218}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-32}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-511/+156}
            Yes
            P{lacZβTub85D.-511/+23}
            Yes
            P{lacZβTub85D.-53+50}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-53}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-63}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.-9}
            No
            P{lacZβTub85D.14}
            No
            P{β2UE1-β3}
            No
            characterization construct
            P{B2t.397}
            NA
            P{B2t.432}
            NA
            P{β2-Neo}
            NA
            P{β2t-Hvβt}
            NA
            P{β2β3*-Neo}
            NA
            P{β2β3*-pW8}
            NA
            P{β3*}
            NA
            P{β3+3'UTR}
            NA
            P{β3β2C-CaSpeR}
            NA
            P{β3β2C-pW8}
            NA
            P{βTub56D1-βTub85D2.iii}
            NA
            P{βTub56D1-βTub85D2.iv}
            NA
            P{βTub85D-FLP}
            NA
            P{βTub85D-Scer\SCEI.nls}
            NA
            P{βTub85D-Xdazl}
            NA
            Insertions
            Type of insertions
            Name
            Expression data
            insertion of mobile activating element
            P{EPg}βTub85DHP37453
            NA
            hide Related Comments