Gene Dmel\Su(Ste)

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General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Su(Ste)

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Suppressor of Stellate

Annotation symbol

Feature type

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003582

Created / Updated

2006-05-31/2006-05-31

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

Y-

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene Suppressor of Stellate is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Su(Ste) (FBgn0003582). It has not been localized to the genome sequence. Its molecular function is described as protein kinase CK2 regulator activity. It is involved in the biological process male meiosis chromosome segregation. 3 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has no annotated transcripts.

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

h11-h11

Left limit from sequence databank entry L42286 Right limit from sequence databank entry L42286

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

Y-

Left of (cM)

kl-1

Right of (cM)

kl-2

Notes

Molecular Map Data

Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)

References

Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)

References

Gene Model & Products

Comments on Gene Model

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kD)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kD)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit (IPR000704)

Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit, alpha-helical (IPR016149)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Maps to

Does NOT map to

Identified with

Mapped Features & Mutations

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

Expression Data

FlyBase-Curated Data

Transcript and
Protein data

Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.

Summary of Transcript Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Summary of Polypeptide Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

External Data & Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0003582

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Other Phenotypes

Allele

meiotic | male

Su(Ste)^unspecified

Sterility

Allele

male fertile | reduced

Su(Ste)^unspecified

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Classical Alleles ( 1 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of Su(Ste)	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
Su(Ste)^unspecified			0	--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 2 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of Su(Ste)	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
Su(Ste)^cGa		in vitro construct \| other	0	Yes
Su(Ste)^dsRNA.cAa		in vitro construct \| RNAi	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Disrupted in

Df(YL)Su(Ste)1

(Bozzetti et al., 1995)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

characterization construct

P{Su(Ste)^cGa}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

Related Comments

Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data

Designates the region of the Y chromosome whose presence decreases both abundance and splicing of the X-linked Ste transcripts. Ste males deficient for Su(Ste) display abundant star-shaped aggregates of needle-shaped crystals in the nuclei and cytoplasm of their primary spermatocytes; their spermatids contain micronuclei and nebenkerne of nonuniform size; and they are sterile. Ste⁺ males deficient for Su(Ste) have one or more long needle-shaped crystals in their primary spermatocytes and micronuclei and irregular nebenkerne in their spermatids; these males are fertile and display irregular disjunction as follows: (1) both the sex chromosomes and the large autosomes undergo nondisjunction, (2) the fourth chromosomes disjoin regularly, (3) sex chromosome nondisjunction is more frequent in cells in which the second or third chromosomes nondisjoin than in cells in which autosomal disjunction is regular, (4) in doubly exceptional cells, the sex chromosomes tend to segregate to the opposite pole from the autosomes and (5) there is meiotic drive; i.e., reciprocal meiotic products are not recovered with equal frequencies, complements with fewer chromosomes being recovered more frequently than those with more chromosomes. Two smaller component deficiencies of the Su(Ste) deficiency display a normal meiotic phenotype in Ste⁺ males and low levels of meiotic nondisjunction in Ste males.

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

The relationship of Ste copy number and organisation to meiotic behaviour in Su(Ste)^- males has been examined genetically and cytologically. Heterochromatic and euchromatic Ste repeats are functional, the abnormalities in chromosome condensation and frequency of nondisjunction is related to the Ste copy number. Meiosis is disrupted after synapsis and Su(Ste) induced meiotic drive is probably not mediated by Ste.

(Palumbo et al., 1994)

Ste^-/Su(Ste)^- males have exactly the same meiotic drive phenotype as Ste⁺/Su(Ste)^- males.

(Belloni et al., 2002)

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 3 )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

protein kinase CK2 regulator activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000704, InterPro:IPR016149

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

male meiosis chromosome segregation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Boschi et al., 2006)

Cellular Component

CV term

Evidence

References

protein kinase CK2 complex

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000704, InterPro:IPR016149

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

gene_array

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Su(Ste) allele

Gene

References

External Data

Linkouts

Orthologs

Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs

Curated drosophilid orthologs

Linkouts

Functional Complementation between Species

Inter-Species Misexpression Data

Produces phenotype in

Produces NO phenotype in

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 0 )

Genomic Clones ( 0 )

cDNA Clones ( 0 )

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

Affy Oligo

Linkouts

Antibody Information

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

Position Effect Variegation Data

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Su(Ste) anon-EST:fe1B7

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Comments About Role

Analysis using segmental Y deficiencies shows that Su(Ste) represses both the high levels and efficient splicing of Ste RNA.

(Livak, 1990)

Su(Ste) genes are transcribed and can encode a variant of the β-subunit of casein kinase 2.

(Kalmykova et al., 1997)

Comments About Molecular Function

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is present throughout the fly's life cycle. The eccDNA population contains circular multimers of tandemly repeated genes, including Su(Ste).

(Cohen et al., 2003)

The Su(Ste) tandemly arranged repeat unit consists of a Ste-homologous region, a Y-specific region and an inserted 1360 mobile element. The location of 1360 suggests that the Ste-region and the Y-specific region were joined first, followed by the insertion of the 1360 element and subsequent amplification of the entire structure.

(Balakireva et al., 1992)

The Su(Ste) locus consists of short subarrays of tandem repeats separated by members of other moderately repeated families. Molecular analysis indicates that recombination among tandem Su(Ste) repeats occurs at much higher frequencies between close neighbors than distant ones, and that gene conversion rather than sister chromatid exchange may be the primary recombinational mechanism for spreading variation among the repeats.

(McKee and Satter, 1996)

The high extent of homology between Ste and Su(Ste) repeats suggested a possibility of Ste suppression by antisense transcription of Su(Ste) elements: however the detection of only "sense" Su(Ste) cDNAs in testis cDNA library argues against this proposal.

(Kalmykova et al., 1998)

"Stellate-like" sequences (Ste, Su(Ste), SteXh and Ste12DOR) contain a common region of sequence, defined as the "Stellate-specific central core". Specific regions at either the 5' or 3' end of this core sequence distinguish different Stellate-like sequences from each other.

(Tritto et al., 2003)

Repeat-associated small interfering RNAs (rasiRNAs) are produced from the Su(Ste) locus.

(Vagin et al., 2006)

Other Comments

Alternative ways of Su(Ste) transcript processing caused by the divergence of the Su(Ste) repeats have been detected.

(Kalmykova et al., 1998)

External Crossreferences & Linkouts

Sequence Crossreferences

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

•

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

•

Other Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit (IPR000704)

Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit, alpha-helical (IPR016149)

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0003582

FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans

•

FBgn0003582

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

anon-EST:fe1B7

cry

(Boschi et al., 2006, Tritto et al., 2003, Belloni et al., 2002, Furuyama et al., 2001, Robbins, 1999, Schmidt et al., 1999, Bozzetti et al., 1995, Palumbo et al., 1994, Palumbo et al., 1994, Gatti and Pimpinelli, 1992, )

PSY

(Tritto et al., 2003)

Ste

Su(Ste)

(Talbert and Henikoff, 2006, Grewal and Elgin, 2007, Olenkina et al., 2007, Zaratiegui, 2007, Vagin et al., 2006, Vagin et al., 2006, Gvozdev et al., 2005, Prasanth and Spector, 2007, Cohen et al., 2005, Lemos et al., 2008)

Su(ste)

(Haynes et al., 2006)

SuSte

(Kalmykova, 1995, Kalmykova, 1995, Kalmykova, 1995, Gvozdev et al., 2005)

Name Synonym

anon-fast-evolving-1B7

crystal

(Furuyama et al., 2001, Gatti and Pimpinelli, 1992, )

Stellate suppressor

(Gvozdev et al., 2005)

Suppressor of Stellate

(Zaratiegui, 2007)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0025265

References ( 96 )

Generate a list of

All references relating to this gene ( 96 )

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Recent research papers ( 4 )

Lemos et al., 2008, Science 319(5859): 91--93: Polymorphic Y chromosomes harbor cryptic variation with manifold functional consequences. [FBrf0200757]
Boschi et al., 2006, Genetics 172(1): 305--316: Genetic evidence that nonhomologous disjunction and meiotic drive are properties of wild-type Drosophila melanogaster male meiosis. [FBrf0190709]
Haynes et al., 2006, Curr. Biol. 16(22): 2222--2227: Element 1360 and RNAi components contribute to HP1-dependent silencing of a pericentric reporter. [FBrf0193115]
Vagin et al., 2006, Science 313(5785): 320--324: A distinct small RNA pathway silences selfish genetic elements in the germline. [FBrf0194520]

Show all research papers ...

Recent reviews ( 4 )

Grewal and Elgin, 2007, Nature 447(7143): 399--406: Transcription and RNA interference in the formation of heterochromatin. [FBrf0200338]
Prasanth and Spector, 2007, Genes Dev. 21(1): 11--42: Eukaryotic regulatory RNAs: an answer to the 'genome complexity' conundrum. [FBrf0193472]
Zaratiegui, 2007, Cell 128(4): 736--776: [FBrf0198665]
Talbert and Henikoff, 2006, Nature Rev. Genet. 7(10): 793--803: Spreading of silent chromatin: inaction at a distance. [FBrf0194837]

Show all reviews ...