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Gene Dmel\sca

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\sca	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	scabrous	Annotation symbol	CG17579
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003326
Created / Updated	2003-12-02/2003-12-02
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map	2-66.7
Cytogenetic map	49C3-49D3	Sequence location	2R:8,668,049..8,689,515 [+]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene scabrous is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol sca (CG17579, FBgn0003326). It has the cytological map location 49C3-49D3. Its sequence location is 2R:8668049..8689515. Its molecular function is described as: signal transducer activity; receptor binding. It is involved in the biological processes: bristle morphogenesis; nervous system development; female meiosis chromosome segregation; ommatidial rotation; lateral inhibition; regulation of R8 cell spacing in compound eye; compound eye development; R8 cell fate commitment; imaginal disc-derived wing margin morphogenesis; signal transduction. 68 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 26 unique terms, many of which group under: peripheral nervous system; adult segment; nervous system; adult mesothoracic segment; plasma membrane part; organ system; embryonic nervous system; plasma membrane; tormogen cell; imaginal precursor; adult cuticle; external sensory organ precursor cell; acrostichal bristle. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides.
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	sca: scabrous Eyes large and rough. Ocellar bristles 85% absent at 25 and 10% absent at 18. Postverticals occasionally missing. Bristle effect more extreme in male at 21 and in female at 28. Most bristles subject to twinning. May be extra rows of acrostichal hairs. Mosaic experiments suggest that sca affects the spacing of R8 cells in the eye (Baker, Mlodzik, and Rubin, 1990, Science 250: 1370-77). RK1.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 49C3-49D3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Nacα04329 and P{lacW}bick10712
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 49D1-49D3 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Mlodzik et al., 1990) 49D-49E (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Graba et al., 1992)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-66.7
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\sca for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
	Transposon inserted in intron 2
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) sca-RA FBtr0087855  NM_057362   2873   799 sca-RB FBtr0087856  NM_165951   3793   799
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	3.2 (northern blot) (Mlodzik et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein sca-PA   FBpp0086968   90.1   799   5.75     NP_476710   AAF58455 sca-PB   FBpp0086969   90.1   799   5.75     NP_725230   AAM68655
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)	774 (aa) (Mlodzik et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts	PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways • FBgn0003326
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Fibrinogen, alpha/beta/gamma chain, C-terminal globular (IPR002181) Fibrinogen, alpha/beta/gamma chain, C-terminal globular, subdomain 1 (IPR014716)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA439305   AC006301   AC007453   AE003821 AAF58455   AE003821 AAM68655   AI124342   AY129456 AAM76198   AY863683   AY863684   AY863685   AY863686   AY863687   AY863688   AY863689   AY863690   AY863691   AY863692   AY863693   AY863694   AY863695   AY863696   AY863697   AY863698   AY863699   AY863700   AY863701   AY863702   AY863703   AY863704   AY863705   AY863706   BG639604   BI166818   BI241254   BI484253   CG17579   CK657897   CK659065   CK662489   CO188990   CO190440   CO281296   CO310840   CO340389   CO344122   CO344275   CZ478920   CZ478921   EC069351   EC071957   EC198000   EC235784   EC255836   EC257439   M60065 AAA28880   SD03186   X65743
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P21520
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Maps to	DS06146 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Does NOT map to
Identified with	RE38281 (BDGP Project Members, 2000-) D1322 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References complex substitution sca[73-1] 2R:8,667,991..8,669,047 comment=Insertion of P{GawB}sca[73-1] together with deletion of exon 1 and adjacent sequences. evidence=experimental (Lee et al., 1998) complex substitution sca[2] 2R:8,687,296..8,687,496 comment=A rearrangement with unknown DNA inserted into intron 3 causing truncation of the protein after K460. evidence=experimental (Hu et al., 1995) point mutation sca[OB7] 2R:8,671,916..8,671,916 comment=TGG to TAG evidence=experimental na_change=G8671916A pr_change=W198|sca-PA,W198|sca-PB reported_na_change=G517A reported_pr_change=W173@ (Baker et al., 1990) point mutation sca[TM4] 2R:8,687,856..8,687,856 comment=TGG to TGA evidence=experimental na_change=G8687856A pr_change=W605|sca-PA,W605|sca-PB reported_na_change=G1740A reported_pr_change=W580@ (Hu et al., 1995) point mutation sca[UM2] 2R:8,688,076..8,688,076 evidence=experimental na_change=G8688076A pr_change=D679N|sca-PA,D679N|sca-PB reported_na_change=G2093A reported_pr_change=D654N (Hu et al., 1995) point mutation sca[WB1] 2R:8,688,209..8,688,209 comment=TGG to TAG evidence=experimental na_change=G8688209A pr_change=W723|sca-PA,W723|sca-PB reported_na_change=G2291A reported_pr_change=W698@ (Baker et al., 1990) protein binding site sca-protein_bind-16 2R:8,687,374..8,687,853 bound_moiety=Ubx-XP comment=Fragment isolated in procedure to identify targets of Ubx protein; contains 5 motifs with the ATTA core found in most homeodomain binding sites. evidence=experimental linked_to=EcoRI-EcoRI_rfrag (Graba et al., 1992) regulatory region sca-enhancer-1 2R:8,667,471..8,667,476 comment=E-box sequence evidence=predicted (Singson et al., 1994) regulatory region sca-enhancer-2 2R:8,667,574..8,667,579 comment=E-box sequence evidence=predicted (Singson et al., 1994) regulatory region sca-enhancer-3 2R:8,667,628..8,667,633 comment=E-box sequence evidence=predicted (Singson et al., 1994) regulatory region sca-enhancer-4 2R:8,667,875..8,667,880 comment=E-box bound by ac/da and sc/da heterodimers and more weakly by da homodimers in in vitro assay. evidence=experimental (Singson et al., 1994) transposable element target site duplication H{}sca[MSKF] 2R:8,687,674..8,687,681 comment=insertion associated host repeat evidence=experimental (Hu et al., 1995)
External Data
Linkouts	DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 12752
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  embryonic stage | stage 9,10  neuroblast (Graba et al., 1992)  embryonic stage  neuron (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage | stage 5   (Graba et al., 1992)  embryonic stage  central nervous system (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage | stage 5-8  neurectoderm (Graba et al., 1992)  embryonic stage  peripheral nervous system (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  optic lobe (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  ventral nerve cord (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  mechanosensory chaetae (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage | stage 10  P cell (Graba et al., 1992)  larval stage | third instar  photoreceptor cell R8 | presumptive (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  eye-antennal disc (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage | stage 11  ventral midline (Graba et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 10,11  sensory organ mother cell (Graba et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 12  sense organ | precursor <of> embryonic thorax (Graba et al., 1992)  embryonic stage  neuroblast (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  dorsal mesothoracic disc (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage  neurectoderm (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage | stage 10,11  epidermoblast (Graba et al., 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  larval stage | third instar  photoreceptor cell R8 (Lee et al., 1996)  embryonic stage  central nervous system (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  imaginal disc (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  morphogenetic furrow | anterior to (Ellis et al., 1994)  larval stage | third instar  photoreceptor cell R8 (Ellis et al., 1994)  larval stage | third instar  eye disc (Ellis et al., 1994)  embryonic stage  epidermis (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  embryonic stage  peripheral nervous system (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage  eye disc (Li et al., 2003)  larval stage | third instar  eye disc & posterior to morphogenetic furrow (Chou and Chien, 2002)  larval stage | third instar  photoreceptor cell R8 | presumptive (Mlodzik et al., 1990)  larval stage | third instar  photoreceptor cell R8 | vicinity of (Lee et al., 1996)  larval stage | third instar  morphogenetic furrow | restricted (Chou and Chien, 2002)
Marker for
	sensory mother cell &&of dorsal mesothoracic disc
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003326 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0003326 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003326
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | recessive sca109-68 scaKX2 semi-lethal, with Scer\GAL429BD scaGS2038 Other Phenotypes Allele wild-type scaT3 wild-type, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 scaGS2038 visible sca1 sca2 scaBP2 scahs.roE visible | recessive sca73-1 scaBP2 scaMSKF scaOB7 scaTM4 scaUM2 scaWB1 scaeCS5 scaunspecified visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 scaD654N.Scer\UAS scaMSKF.Scer\UAS scaScer\UAS.cEa scaΔ513-774.Scer\UAS visible, with Scer\GAL4h-1J3 scaD654N.Scer\UAS scaMSKF.Scer\UAS scaScer\UAS.cEa scaΔ513-774.Scer\UAS visible, with Scer\GAL4c355 scaGS2038 visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev scaGS2038 visible, with Scer\GAL429BD scaGS2038 cell polarity defective sca1 meiotic cell cycle defective | dominant scaScim-a scaScim-b tissue polarity defective (with scaBP1) scaBP2 tissue polarity defective (with scaBP2) scaBP1 tissue polarity defective | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone scaBP2 tissue polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev scaScer\UAS.cEa Phenotype manifest in Allele wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 scaΔ513-774.Scer\UAS scaD654N.Scer\UAS scaMSKF.Scer\UAS scaScer\UAS.cEa wing vein, with Scer\GAL4h-1J3 scaΔ513-774.Scer\UAS scaD654N.Scer\UAS scaMSKF.Scer\UAS scaScer\UAS.cEa microchaeta & mesothoracic tergum (with scaBP2) sca1 ommatidium sca1 scaBP2 scaOB7 scaTM4 scaUM2 scaWB1 scaeCS5 scahs.roE scaunspecified photoreceptor sca1 eye sca1 sca2 scaBP2 scaMSKF scaOB7 scaTM4 scaUM2 scaWB1 scahs.roE scaunspecified macrochaeta sca1 sca2 scaKE15 scaKE17 scaKE3 scaKE305 scaL49Da-b scaMSKF scaeCS5 adult thorax & macrochaeta sca73-1 scaBP2 scaMSKF scaOB7 scaUM2 ommatidium (with scaBP2) scaBP1 ommatidium (with scaBP1) scaBP2 microchaeta & mesothoracic tergum (with sca1) scaBP2 antennal sensillum scaBP2 photoreceptor cell R8 | supernumerary scaBP2 eye photoreceptor cell scaBP2 scaOB7 scutum & macrochaeta scaBP2 leg & macrochaeta scaBP2 wing & macrochaeta scaBP2 photoreceptor cell R8 scaBP2 scahs.PE scahs.roE dorsocentral bristle | ectopic scaBP2 scutellar bristle | ectopic scaBP2 scadc chemosensory ventral triple row & microchaeta | ectopic scaBP2 dorsal triple row & microchaeta | ectopic scaBP2 ommatidium | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone scaBP2 morphogenetic furrow & filopodium | somatic clone scaBP2 microchaeta scaBP2 microchaeta | ectopic scaBP2 acrostichal bristle scaBP2 external sensory organ scaBP2 tormogen cell | ectopic scaBP2 trichogen cell | ectopic scaBP2 tormogen cell scaBP2 trichogen cell scaBP2 eo neuron scaBP2 external sensory organ precursor cell | ectopic scaBP2 adult cuticle scaBP2 adherens junction scaBP2 septate junction scaBP2 sensory mother cell scaBP2 microchaeta & mesothoracic tergum | supernumerary | somatic clone scaBP2 sensory mother cell | somatic clone scaBP2 eye disc scaOB7 scaTM4 scaUM2 scaWB1 scaunspecified eye photoreceptor cell | supernumerary scaOB7 photoreceptor cell R8 | somatic clone scaOB7 wing margin, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 scaScer\UAS.cEa wing | distal, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 scaScer\UAS.cEa ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev scaScer\UAS.cEa eye, with Scer\GAL4h-1J3 scaScer\UAS.cEa ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4h-1J3 scaScer\UAS.cEa microchaeta, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 scaScer\UAS.cEa sternopleural bristle scadc metathoracic coxal sensillum trichodeum scadc eye, with Scer\GAL429BD scaGS2038 macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL4c355 scaGS2038 eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev scaGS2038
Classical Alleles ( 45 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of sca Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sca109-68 P-element activity 2 Yes sca1 amorph spontaneous 43 -- sca2 spontaneous 2 Yes sca3853 P-element activity 0 -- sca4512 P-element activity 0 Yes sca537.4 hypomorph P-element activity 0 -- sca73-1 loss of function P-element activity 0 Yes sca8-1 loss of function P-element activity 0 Yes sca88-1 amorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sca88-2 amorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sca88-3 amorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- scaA2-6 P-element activity 1 Yes scaB1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- scaBP1+RB1 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes scaBP1+RB2 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes scaBP1 amorph PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity 0 Yes scaBP2 amorph, loss of function PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity 1 Yes scaBP3 amorph PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity 0 Yes scaBX1 amorph X ray 0 -- scaD120 P-element activity 0 -- scaGS10020 0 Yes scaGS2038 Δ2-3 1 Yes scaKE15 amorph, loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 --