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Gene Dmel\sas

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\sas	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	stranded at second	Annotation symbol	CG2507
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0002306
Created / Updated	2003-12-01/2003-12-01
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	84C8-84D1	Sequence location	3R:2,988,551..3,009,424 [+]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene stranded at second is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol sas (CG2507, FBgn0002306). It has the cytological map location 84C8-84D1. Its sequence location is 3R:2988551..3009424. Its molecular function is described as receptor activity. It is involved in the biological process instar larval development. 24 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: larval cuticle; larval tracheal system; larval trachea. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	sas: stranded-at-second (D. R. Cavener) Homozygous lethal; homozygotes die at the first to second instar molt or at second instar. Larvae do not grow and exhibit a segmentally repeated pattern of tanned spots on the ventral cuticle between the fourth and fifth row of setae and sometimes between the first and second row of setae. Trachae are convoluted.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 84C8-84D1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L2100L2100 and P{EP}EP3060EP3060
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References In direction of increasing cytology: Antp- sas+ (Schneuwly et al., 1987) Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\sas for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) sas-RA FBtr0081571  NM_057263   4682   1348 sas-RB FBtr0081570  NM_169177   5977   1693
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5.9, 4.9, 4.0 (northern blot) (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein sas-PA   FBpp0081090   147.3   1348   4.36     NP_476611   AAN13346 sas-PB   FBpp0081089   185.3   1693   4.64     NP_731141   AAF54052
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)	1348 (aa) (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts	PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways • FBgn0002306
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • von Willebrand factor, type C (IPR001007) Fibronectin, type III (IPR003961) Fibronectin, type III-like fold (IPR008957)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AC008029   AE003672 AAF54052   AE003672 AAN13346   AI259971   AI512775   AW943745   AY051979 AAK93403   BF501261   CO179590   CO267515   CO289133   CO301135   CZ466146   CZ466997   CZ487568   CZ487569   EC069963   EC076362   EC202644   EC207670   EC220759   EC224952   EC226140   EC233682   EC240323   EC246105   M68866 AAA28879
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q04164
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Maps to	FBcl0297999 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Does NOT map to
Identified with	LD44801 (BDGP Project Members, 2000-)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References aberration junction In(3R)Antp[73b].bk2 3R:3,003,481..3,003,492 comment=insertion associated host repeat for a Doc element found at the aberration breakpoint of In(3R)Antp[73b] evidence=experimental linked_to=insertion_site;Doc{}sas[Doc] (Schneuwly et al., 1987)
External Data
Linkouts	DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 8471
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  adult stage  mouthparts (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 15,16  trachea (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  larval stage | third instar  imaginal disc (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  adult stage  wing (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  larval stage  imaginal disc (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  larval stage  epidermis (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  adult stage  eye (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 12-16  epidermis (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 15-16  embryonic/larval oesophagus (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 12-16  embryonic/larval foregut (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 15-16  embryonic/larval pharynx (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 15,16  embryonic/larval proventriculus (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  adult stage  reproductive system (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  adult stage  leg (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  larval stage | third instar  imaginal disc (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  embryonic stage | stage 12-16  embryonic/larval hindgut (Schonbaum et al., 1992)  larval stage  epidermis (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term	plasma membrane (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Microarray Data
	Developmental timecourse, Costello et al., 2008 (Original data from Arbeitman et al., 2002) AI512775
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002306 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0002306 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002306
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable sasd01006 lethal | recessive sas11 sas12 sas13 sas14 sas15 sas16 sas17 lethal | larval stage sas11 sas13 sas15 sas16 sas828 sasAntp73b lethal | larval stage | recessive sas11 lethal | larval stage | polyphasic sas11 sas17 lethal | larval stage | polyphasic | conditional - cold sensitive sas796 sasE2L semi-lethal sasCB03307 Sterility Allele fertile sasd01006 Phenotype manifest in Allele larval cuticle sas11 sas796 sasAntp73b larval tracheal system sas11 larval trachea sasunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 19 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of sas Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sas11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sas12 spontaneous 0 -- sas13 X ray 0 Yes sas14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sas15 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- sas16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sas17 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sas796 spontaneous 0 Yes sas828 spontaneous 0 Yes sasAntp73b spontaneous recombination 4 Yes sasCB03307 P-element activity 0 Yes sasDoc 0 Yes sasE2L 0 -- sasMB02437 1 -- sasc00006 piggyBac transposase 0 -- sasc01225 piggyBac transposase 1 -- sasd01006 P-element activity 2 -- sasf04979 piggyBac transposase 1 -- sasunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of sas Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sasGD105 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes sasGD14430 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 2 Yes sasGD14869 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 1 Yes sasGD2601 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes sastSa in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(3R)Antp-A41
Useful duplication	Dp(3;3)D1
Disrupted in	Df(3R)Antp-A41 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Antp-X1 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Antp1 (Lewis et al., 1980) Df(3R)Antp17 (Lewis et al., 1980) Df(3R)BSC221 (Gresens and Cook, 2006.12.5) Df(3R)Exel6146 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3R)Scx4 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)dsx2M (Cavener et al., 1986) In(3R)Antp73b (Cavener et al., 1986)
Not disrupted in	Df(3R)BSC548 (Christensen et al., 2008.6.11) Df(3R)D6 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)F76 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Scr (Lewis et al., 1980, Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Scx2 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Tpl10 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)WIN3 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)dsx10M (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)dsx29 (Cavener et al., 1986) In(3R)Antprv2 (Lewis et al., 1980)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD105} NA P{GD14430} NA P{GD14869} NA P{GD2601} NA characterization construct P{sas+} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions ?{}sas796 NA ?{}sas828 NA Doc{}sasAntp73b NA Doc{}sasDoc NA PBac{PB}sasc00006 NA PBac{PB}sasc01225 NA PBac{WH}sasf04979 NA P{PTT-GB}sasCB03307 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}sasMB02437 No insertion of mobile activating element P{XP}sasd01006 NA
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data sas gene function is unknown. (Cavener et al., 1986) sas has been cloned and sequenced. RNA expression during development has been determined, and the mutant phenotype analysed. (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 4 )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
receptor activity non-traceable author statement (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
instar larval development inferred from mutant phenotype (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
apical plasma membrane non-traceable author statement (Bachmann et al., 2001)
integral to plasma membrane non-traceable author statement (Schonbaum et al., 1992)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	protein_coding_gene   nuclear_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions sas allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions • 66056 Drosophila PIMRider - The Drosophila Protein Interaction map • 522665
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF17659 Dere\GG13897 Dgri\GH19009 Dmoj\GI23064 Dpse\GA27500 Dsec\GM10939 Dsim\GD19918 Dvir\GJ24577 Dwil\GK14524 Dyak\GE24910
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA15380
Linkouts	InParanoid orthologs - Eukaryotic orthologs • ENSANGP00000012174 Anopheles gambiae (Ensembl) ZDB-CDNA-050522-469 Danio rerio (Zfin) ZDB-GENE-990415-262 Danio rerio (Zfin)
Functional Complementation between Species
Inter-Species Misexpression Data
Produces phenotype in
Produces NO phenotype in
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 13 )
Harvard	- P{XP}sasd01006 - PBac{PB}sasc01225 - PBac{WH}sasf04979
VDRC	v30067 w1118; P{GD14430}v30067 v39086 w1118; P{GD14869}v39086 v30068 w1118; P{GD14430}v30068/CyO
Bloomington	19157 w1118; P{XP}sasd01006 23567 w1118; Mi{ET1}sasMB02437 2098 sas15 pp cu1/TM3, Sb1 2259 In(3R)Antp73b, Antp73b sasAntp73b red1 e1/TM3, Sb1
Kyoto	106758 In(3R)Antp73b, Antp73b sasAntp73b red1 e1/TM3, Sb1 106666 In(3R)Antp73b, Ki1 pb4 Antp73b sasAntp73b ssa/TM3, Sb1
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR03E11 BACR01C11
cDNA Clones ( 7 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD44801
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT16549 LP03527
Other clones	EK070208 EK059924 EK150636 EK180220
RNAi & Array Information
Affy Oligo
Linkouts	DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design • FBgn0002306 GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data • FBgn0002306
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Position Effect Variegation Data
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: sas CG2507 (Milshina, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Comments About Role
Comments About Molecular Function
Other Comments
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_169177 NM_057263 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_731141 NP_476611 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AC008029 AE003672 AAF54052 AAN13346 AI512775 AW943745 AY051979 AAK93403 CZ466146 CZ466997 CZ487568 CZ487569 M68866 AAA28879 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q04164
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • von Willebrand factor, type C (IPR001007) Fibronectin, type III (IPR003961) Fibronectin, type III-like fold (IPR008957)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions • 66056 DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 8471 DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design • FBgn0002306 Drosophila PIMRider - The Drosophila Protein Interaction map • 522665 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002306 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0002306 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0002306 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002306 GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data • FBgn0002306 InParanoid orthologs - Eukaryotic orthologs • ENSANGP00000012174 Anopheles gambiae (Ensembl)