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Gene Dmel\l(2)37Cc

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\l(2)37Cc	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	lethal (2) 37Cc	Annotation symbol	CG10691
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0002031
Created / Updated	2003-12-01/2003-12-01
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map	2-53.9+
Cytogenetic map	37C1-37C1	Sequence location	2L:19,122,040..19,123,863 [-]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene lethal (2) 37Cc is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol l(2)37Cc (CG10691, FBgn0002031). It has the cytological map location 37C1. Its sequence location is 2L:19122040..19123863. Its molecular function is unknown. It is involved in the biological process instar larval or pupal development. 38 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: wing; macrochaeta; egg; egg chamber; cystocyte; yolk. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	l(2)37Cc Many different complementing heteroallelic genotypes exhibit opaque wings, often incompletely expanded, moderate Minute-like bristles, and a lighter tan body color.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 37C1-37C1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Ddck02104 and P{lacW}bratk06028&P{lacW}l(2)k09613k09613
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 37C-37C (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Eveleth and Marsh, 1986)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-53.9+
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References In direction of increasing cytology: anon-37Ca? amd+ CG10561+ Ddc- l(2)37Cc+ (Black et al., 1987) In direction of increasing cytology: hk- l(2)37Be+ Catsup+ l(2)37Ba+ CG10470+ l(2)37Bb- Dox-A2+ CG10492+ cub? Lim3- amd+ CG10561+ Ddc- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cd- l(2)37Ca- l(2)37Ce- l(2)37Cg? brat+ γTub37C? (Stathakis et al., 1995) In direction of increasing cytology: hk- l(2)37Be+ Catsup+ l(2)37Ba+ CG10470+ l(2)37Bb- CG10470+ l(2)37Bb- Dox-A2+ CG10492+ cub? Lim3- amd+ CG10561+ Ddc- CG10561+ Ddc- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cd- l(2)37Ca- l(2)37Ce- l(2)37Cg? brat+ γTub37C? (Wright, 1996) Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References Overall orientation not stated: Ddc+ l(2)37Cc- (Eveleth and Marsh, 1987) hk? l(2)37Be+ Catsup+ l(2)37Ba+ CG10470+ l(2)37Bb- Dox-A2+ CG10492+ cub? Lim3- amd+ CG10561+ Ddc- CG10561+ Ddc- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cd- l(2)37Ca- l(2)37Cg- l(2)37Ce? brat+ γTub37C? (McCrady and Tolin, 1994) Overall orientation not stated: hk? l(2)37Be+ Catsup+ l(2)37Ba+ CG10470+ l(2)37Bb- Dox-A2+ CG10492+ cub? Lim3- amd+ CG10561+ Ddc- CG10561+ Ddc- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cc- l(2)37Cb- l(2)37Cd- l(2)37Ca- l(2)37Cg- l(2)37Ce? brat+ γTub37C? (McCrady and Tolin, 1994)
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\l(2)37Cc for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
	There are multiple frame shifts when compared with SwissProt entry P24156.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) l(2)37Cc-RA FBtr0081165  NM_165281   1311   276 l(2)37Cc-RB FBtr0081164  NM_057259   1321   276
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.6 (northern blot) (Eveleth and Marsh, 1986)
Comments	"Transcript 4" in the Ddc region is l(2)37Cc. (Black et al., 1987)
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein l(2)37Cc-PA   FBpp0080708   30.4   276   5.44     NP_724165   AAN11026 l(2)37Cc-PB   FBpp0080707   30.4   276   5.44     NP_476607   AAF53765
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)	203 (aa) (Eveleth and Marsh, 1986)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts	PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways • FBgn0002031
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Prohibitin (IPR000163) Band 7 protein (IPR001107)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA263314   AA392650   AA694954   AA695082   AA695254   AA695558   AA695860   AA735838   AA803969   AC005440   AC007176   AE003661 AAF53765   AE003661 AAN11026   AI134881   AI454958   AI531203   AI543997   AI546694   AI945443   AI945771   AW940465   AY122111 AAM52623   BE662203   BE976646   BE977300   BF486295   BF487825   BF488087   BF495098   BF499851   BF501787   BF502191   BG635747   BG636303   BG641188   BI163781   BI164792   BI231080   BI232133   BI234884   BI235405   BI238139   BI242263   BI352190   BI353073   BI355268   BI355740   BI369213   BI484716   BI565085   BI578615   BI580177   BI606093   BI618822   BI630438   BP554060   BP554061   BQ102949   BQ103021   CG10691   CK659677   CO176892   CO178942   CO186074   CO270178   CO294771   CO302500   CO306995   CO318136   EC077476   EC080192   EC087023   EC195873   EC205869   EC220129   EC226160   EC250056   EL880846   X04227 CAA27807   X04228 CAA27810
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P24156
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Maps to	DS04472 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Does NOT map to
Identified with	bs16f10 bs12h11 GM01842 SD02144 bs31a08.y1 (Oliver, 2001.8.16) GH12454 (BDGP Project Members, 2000-, Beller et al., 2006)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References rescue fragment l(2)37Cc[+t6.6] 2L:19,120,676..19,127,403 evidence=experimental linked_to=EcoRI-EcoRI_rfrag (Stathakis et al., 1995) rescue fragment l(2)37Cc[+t5.3] 2L:19,119,329..19,124,784 evidence=experimental linked_to=BamHI-BamHI_rfrag (Stathakis et al., 1995)
External Data
Linkouts	DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 8047
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  embryonic stage,larval stage,adult stage   (Eveleth and Marsh, 1986)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Microarray Data
	Developmental timecourse, Costello et al., 2008 (Original data from Arbeitman et al., 2002) AI134881
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002031 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0002031 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002031 FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for l(2)37Cc Stage(s) 4-6 Stage(s) 9-10 Stage(s) 11-12 Stage(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal l(2)37Cc10 l(2)37Cc15 lethal | recessive l(2)37Cc13 lethal | conditional - heat sensitive l(2)37Cc6 l(2)37Ccts1 l(2)37Ccts2 lethal | larval stage l(2)37Cc14 l(2)37Cc7 lethal | larval stage | recessive l(2)37Cc10 l(2)37Cc14 l(2)37Cc7 semi-lethal | recessive | conditional - cold sensitive l(2)37Ccfs1 Other Phenotypes Allele wild-type l(2)37Cc+t5.3 l(2)37Cc+t6.6 visible l(2)37Cc6 body color defective l(2)37Cc6 Sterility Allele female sterile l(2)37Cc15 l(2)37Cc6 female sterile | recessive l(2)37Ccfs1 female sterile | dominant l(2)37Cc13 male sterile l(2)37Cc15 l(2)37Cc6 Phenotype manifest in Allele egg l(2)37Cc13 l(2)37Ccfs1 egg chamber l(2)37Cc13 cystocyte l(2)37Cc13 yolk l(2)37Cc13 macrochaeta l(2)37Cc15 l(2)37Cc6 melanotic mass & adult abdomen l(2)37Cc23 wing l(2)37Cc6
Classical Alleles ( 29 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of l(2)37Cc Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion l(2)37Cc10 ethyl methanesulfonate γ ray 0 -- l(2)37Cc11 ethyl methanesulfonate γ ray 0 -- l(2)37Cc12 ethyl methanesulfonate γ ray 0 -- l(2)37Cc13 ethyl methanesulfonate γ ray 0 -- l(2)37Cc14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc15 hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc17 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc18 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc19 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc20 diepoxybutane 2 Yes l(2)37Cc21 0 -- l(2)37Cc22 0 -- l(2)37Cc23 2 -- l(2)37Cc2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc4 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- l(2)37Cc5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc6 ethyl methanesulfonate formaldehyde 0 -- l(2)37Cc7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37Cc9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- l(2)37CcC283 0 -- l(2)37CcVA18 0 Yes l(2)37Ccfs1 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- l(2)37Ccts1 ethyl methanesulfonate formaldehyde 2 -- l(2)37Ccts2 ethyl methanesulfonate formaldehyde 0 -- l(2)37Ccts3 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of l(2)37Cc Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion l(2)37Cc+t5.3 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes l(2)37Cc+t6.6 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes l(2)37CcC2 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes l(2)37CcC4 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes l(2)37CcC5 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes l(2)37CcC6 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes l(2)37CcGD5328 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 2 Yes l(2)37CcScer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct | regulatory fusion in vitro construct | coding region fusion 0 Yes l(2)37CcUbi-p63E.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct | regulatory fusion in vitro construct | coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(2L)hk-UC2
Disrupted in	Df(2L)E71 (Wright et al., 1981) Df(2L)Exel6042 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)Exel8040 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)NST (Pentz et al., 1986, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)TW130 (Wright et al., 1981, Gilbert et al., 1984, Black et al., 1987, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA17 (Wright et al., 1981, Gilbert et al., 1984, Pentz et al., 1986, Black et al., 1987, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA18 (Black et al., 1987, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)VA21 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA23 (Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)hk-UC2 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)E55 (Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)OD15 (Pentz et al., 1986, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)Sd37 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)Sd57 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)Sd77 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)TE37C-1 (Wright et al., 1981, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)TE37C-7 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)TW137 (Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)TW203 (Pentz et al., 1986, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA12 (Wright et al., 1981, Pentz et al., 1986, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA13 (Wright et al., 1981, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA18 (Pentz et al., 1986) Df(2L)VA19 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)hk-UC1 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)hk18 (Gilbert et al., 1984, Pentz et al., 1986, Wright, 1996)
Duplicated in	Dp(2;2)M(2)m+ (Wright, 1995.12.1)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD5328} NA P{UAS-CG10691.EGFP} NA characterization construct P{pC2} NA P{pC3} NA P{pC4} NA P{pC5} NA P{pC6} NA P{pC7} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions PBac{3HPy+}l(2)37CcC283 NA
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data Many different complementing heteroallelic genotypes exhibit opaque wings, often incompletely expanded, moderate Minute-like bristles and a lighter tan body color.   Complementation analysis of the 7.6kb PstI fragment demonstrates this fragment carries the Ddc gene alone. (Marsh et al., 1985) Dot matrix analysis demonstrates there is very little sequence homology between Ddc or amd, and l(2)37Cc or CG10561 transcripts, nor is there any relationship between l(2)37Cc or CG10561 transcripts. (Eveleth and Marsh, 1986) l(2)37Cc has a role in cuticle formation. (Black et al., 1987) Biochemical characterization of the l(2)37Cc gene product suggest the protein is associated with a mitochondrial membrane. (Konrad and Marsh, 1991)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 6 )