Gene Dmel\cta

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General Information

Symbol

Dmel\cta

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

concertina

Annotation symbol

CG17678

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000384

Created / Updated

2006-06-12/2006-06-12

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-54.8

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:22,874,534..22,885,080 [+]

Map ( GBrowse )

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene concertina is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol cta (CG17678, FBgn0000384). Its sequence location is 2L:22874534..22885080. Its molecular function is described as: GTPase activity; guanyl nucleotide binding; GTP binding; signal transducer activity. It is involved in the biological processes: gastrulation involving germ band extension; regulation of embryonic cell shape; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; gastrulation; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; posterior midgut invagination; regulation of cell shape; ventral furrow formation. 17 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 12 unique terms, many of which group under: organ system; anatomical structure; gastrula embryo; extended germ band embryo; integumentary system; portion of tissue; ventral furrow; posterior midgut inclusive primordium; primordium; cephalopharyngeal skeleton. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide.

Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)

Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage

cta: concertina (T. Schupbach)

Maternal-effect lethal, female sterile: Embryos from homozygous mothers gastrulate abnormally; no posterior midgut formed; the germ band does not advance to the dorsal side of the embryo, but as it expands, it is thrown into a series of folds at the ventral side of the embryo. Anterior midgut appears to develop normally. The phenotype is reminiscent of the zygotic embryonic lethal mutation folded gastrulation (fog). At final differentiation, the embryos from cta mothers have a fairly normal array of thoracic and abdominal segments with morphologically normal denticle belts. Defective head skeleton seen in larvae.

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

40A-40B

h35

(Drosophila Heterochromatin Genome Project, 2004)

40-40

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-54.8

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Molecular Map Data

Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)

References

Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)

References

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\cta for information on other features

Comments on Gene Model

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

cta-RA

FBtr0111126

NM_001042956

2175

457

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.8, 2.2 (northern blot)

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kD)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

cta-PA

FBpp0110418

52.8

457

8.69

NP_001036421

EAA46036

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kD)

457 (aa); 53 (kD)

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

G-protein alpha subunit, group 12 (IPR000469)

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit (IPR001019)

G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion (IPR011025)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

P25157

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Maps to

Does NOT map to

Identified with

LD04530

(BDGP Project Members, 2000-)

D1317

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Mapped Features & Mutations

Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

Expression Data

FlyBase-Curated Data

Transcript and
Protein data

Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.

Summary of Transcript Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

oogenesis stage,adult stage

nurse cell

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

oogenesis stage,adult stage

oocyte

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

embryonic stage

mesoderm

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

embryonic stage

mesoderm

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

oogenesis stage,adult stage

oocyte

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

oogenesis stage,adult stage

nurse cell

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Summary of Polypeptide Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

External Data & Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0000384

GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0000384

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

•

Show all FlyExpress processed images for cta

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

lethal | embryonic stage

cta⁵

lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive

Other Phenotypes

Allele

wild-type

cell shape defective

cta^{R277H.MtnA.T:Hsap\MYC}

Sterility

Allele

female sterile

female sterile | maternal effect

cta¹

female sterile | recessive

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect

posterior endoderm | maternal effect

posterior midgut inclusive primordium | maternal effect

extended germ band embryo | maternal effect

cephalopharyngeal skeleton | maternal effect

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | anterior

cta¹

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | posterior

cta¹

egg chamber

cta⁵

nurse cell ring canal

cta⁵

embryonic epidermis | ventral

cta⁵

amnioproctodeal invagination

gonad

cta⁵

ventral furrow

ventral furrow | maternal effect (with Df(2L)C')

cta⁵

embryo | lateral

Classical Alleles ( 12 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of cta	Class	Mutagen	Known lesion
cta¹		ethyl methanesulfonate	--
cta²		ethyl methanesulfonate	--
cta³		ethyl methanesulfonate	--
cta⁴		ethyl methanesulfonate	--
cta⁵	loss of function	ethyl methanesulfonate	--
cta^R10			--
cta^{R277H.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}			Yes
cta^VB25		P-element activity	Yes
cta^VB37		P-element activity	Yes
cta^VT85		P-element activity	Yes
cta^VU51		P-element activity	Yes
cta^unspecified			--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of cta	Mutagen	Known lesion
cta^Germ.Q303R	in vitro construct \| amino acid replacement in vitro construct \| site directed mutagenesis	Yes
cta^Germ.R277C	in vitro construct \| amino acid replacement in vitro construct \| site directed mutagenesis	Yes
cta^Germ.R277H	in vitro construct \| amino acid replacement in vitro construct \| site directed mutagenesis	Yes
cta^{MtnA.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct \| regulatory fusion in vitro construct \| coding region fusion	Yes
cta^{R277H.MtnA.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct \| regulatory fusion in vitro construct \| coding region fusion in vitro construct \| amino acid replacement	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Useful duplication

Dp(2;f)Bl

Disrupted in

Df(2L)C

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)

Df(2L)C'

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Dimitri, 1991, Russell and Kaiser, 1994)

Df(2L)D1

(Chaouki and Salz, 2006)

Df(2L)lt1

(Dimitri, 1991, Russell and Kaiser, 1994)

Df(2L)lt10

(Weiler and Wakimoto, 1998, Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990)

Df(2L)lt105

(Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990, Russell and Kaiser, 1994)

Df(2L)lt120

(Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990)

Df(2L)lt28

(Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990)

Df(2L)lt5

(Dimitri, 1991, Russell and Kaiser, 1994)

Df(2L)lt64

(Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990)

Df(2L)lt8

(Dimitri, 1991, Russell and Kaiser, 1994)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

characterization construct

P{cta^Q303R}

P{cta^R277C}

P{cta^R277H}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

miscellaneous insertions

Related Comments

Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data

Maternal effect gene required for gastrulation.

(Wakimoto and Hearn, 1990)

Sequence analysis suggests that cta encodes an alpha subunit of a G protein. cta has a role in cell-cell communication as a mediator of signals between membrane bound receptors and intracellular effectors during gastrulation.

(Parks and Wieschaus, 1991)

Mutations in cta result in a maternal effect phenotype with defects during the early stages of gastrulation and defects in the anteroposterior axis.

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989)

Mutations in cta block the transition from the first slow stochastic phase of gastrulation to the second rapid phase of constriction in the ventral furrow and the posterior midgut invaginations.

(Sweeton et al., 1991)

The cta locus displays reduced variation, the HKA test demonstrates that background selection is not the sole force for reducing variation. Reduction of variation does not extend to the ref(2)P locus.

(Wayne and Kreitman, 1995)

Uniform fog expression rescues the gastrulation defects of fog null embryos but not cta mutant embryos, arguing that cta acts downstream of fog.

(Morize et al., 1998)

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 13 )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

GTP binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000469

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

GTPase activity