Gene Dmel\bic

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General Information

Symbol

Dmel\bic

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

bicaudal

Annotation symbol

CG3644

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000181

Created / Updated

2003-12-02/2003-12-02

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-64.0

Cytogenetic map

49D6-49D6

Sequence location

2R:8,757,742..8,759,608 [+]

Map ( GBrowse )

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene bicaudal is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol bic (CG3644, FBgn0000181). It has the cytological map location 49D6. Its sequence location is 2R:8757742..8759608. Its molecular function is described as transcription factor activity. It is involved in the biological process regulation of pole plasm oskar mRNA localization. 12 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 11 unique terms, many of which group under: anatomical structure; organism; organ system; embryonic tagma; imaginal precursor; embryonic head; larval imaginal precursor; egg; gastrula embryo; embryonic segment; cephalopharyngeal skeleton; spiracle; developing anatomical structure. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides.

Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)

Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage

bic: bicaudal

Homozygous bic females produce variable numbers of eggs that fail to hatch (e.g., 25-50%). bic/Df(2R)vgB females produce higher embryonic mortality. Males of either genotype are normal. A wide array of developmental anomolies observed among arrested embryos. Many fail to show outward signs of initiation of development, although in at least some zygotes nuclear divisions can be demonstrated. Others show replacement of anterior embryonic segments by a mirror-image set of posterior segments. The majority of these bicaudal embryos are symmetrical with opposing sets of the two to five posterior-most segments; mirror-imaged structures include denticle belts, posterior spiracles, Malpighian tubules, genital disc, and posterior midgut invagination. Polar cells form at the original but not the duplicated posterior end. Asymmetrical bicaudal embryos such as 3/6 or 3/7 have fewer duplicated than original posterior segments. Other embryos have the head replaced by posterior abdominal structures or show abnormal development of the cephalopharyngeal apparatus. Finally, some embryos are foreshortened and seem to lack internal segments. Maximum production of bicaudal embryos occurs in the first eggs produced by females developing at 28-29. The incidence of bicaudal embryos falls rapidly during the first 60 hr after eclosion. Incidence of bicaudal embryos and nondeveloping eggs depends on genotype: bic/Df(2R)vgB > bic/Df(2R)vgD > Df(2R)vgB/+ > bic/bic > bic/+ = 0.

E(Bic)

An incompletely penetrant dominant female-sterile mutation; heterozygous females produce 60% apparently unfertilized eggs. In heterozygotes with Bic-C or Bic-D, E(Bic) causes a substantial increase in the incidence of double-abdomen embryos, but E(Bic)/+ females produce normal embryos.

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

49D6-49D6

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}bic^k10712 and P{PZ}l(2)01424⁰¹⁴²⁴

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

49D5-49D6

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999)

49D-49E

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Beckingham, 1992)

49D5-49D6

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

49D-49D

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Gajewski et al., 1990)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-64.0

2-67.0

(Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Molecular Map Data

Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)

References

In direction of increasing cytology: anon-49Db- bic+

(Markesich et al., 2000)

Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)

References

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\bic for information on other features

Comments on Gene Model

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

bic-RA

FBtr0087782

NM_057505

1795

169

bic-RB

FBtr0087783

NM_165954

1849

169

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

1.7, 1.2 (northern blot)

(Markesich et al., 2000)

Comments

The 1.2 and 1.7 kb bic transcripts differ in their polyadenylation site. The 1.2 kb transcript likely uses a polyA signal that matches the consensus perfectly and is far more abundant than the 1.7 kb transcript.

(Markesich et al., 2000)

The 1.2 and 1.7 kb bic transcripts differ in their polyadenylation sites. The 1.2 kb transcript likely uses a polyA signal that matches the consensus perfectly and is far more abundant than the 1.7 kb transcript.

(Markesich et al., 2000)

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kD)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

bic-PA

FBpp0086895

17.7

169

7.78

NP_476853

AAF58449

bic-PB

FBpp0086896

17.7

169

7.78

NP_725235

AAM68610

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kD)

169 (aa)

(Markesich et al., 2000)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways

•

FBgn0000181

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Nascent polypeptide-associated complex NAC (IPR002715)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Maps to

FBcl0297685

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Does NOT map to

Identified with

GM05329

(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 2000-)

GM13744

(BDGP Project Members, 2000-)

Dm4237

(Spradling et al., 1999)

Mapped Features & Mutations

Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

aberration junction

Df(2R)Su(z)3-1.iy.bk1
2R:8,760,330..8,760,764

comment=extent of restriction fragment is shown in FBrf0123122; lesion localizes to this restriction fragment
evidence=experimental
linked_to=SpeI-NcoI_rfrag

(Markesich et al., 2000)

enhancer

bic-enhancer-1
2R:8,757,533..8,757,543

evidence=predicted
comment=putative Adh promoter element TACTAA and related repeated element CTAAAAATT

(Markesich et al., 2000)

enhancer

bic-enhancer-2
2R:8,757,559..8,757,567

comment=putative Adh promoter element TACTAA and related repeated element CTAAAAATT
evidence=predicted

(Markesich et al., 2000)

enhancer

bic-enhancer-3
2R:8,757,572..8,757,577

comment=putative CNS enhancer
evidence=predicted