Allele Dmel\sdt^EH681

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\sdt^EH681	Species	D. melanogaster
Name		FlyBase ID	FBal0032675
Feature type	allele	Created / Updated	2006-08-22/2006-08-22
Associated gene	Dmel\sdt

Allele class	amorph
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate
Nature of the Allele
Allele class	amorph (Tepass and Knust, 1993)
Mutagen	ethyl methanesulfonate (Eberl and Hilliker, 1988)
Mapped Features and Mutations
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Progenitor genotype
Nature of the lesion	Statement Reference Amino acid replacement: Q156@. Nucleotide substitution: C?T. (Hong et al., 2001)
Assay mode
Cytology
Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Class
	lethal \| embryonic stage \| recessive (Eberl and Hilliker, 1988, Tepass and Knust, 1993)
Phenotype Manifest In
	embryonic epidermis (Tepass and Knust, 1993, Grawe et al., 1996) amnioserosa (Tepass and Knust, 1993, Grawe et al., 1996) zonula adherens (Tepass, 1996, Grawe et al., 1996) macrophage (Tepass et al., 1994) larval salivary gland & embryo (Grawe et al., 1996) trachea (Grawe et al., 1996) spot adherens junction (Grawe et al., 1996)
Detailed Description
	Statement Reference Aberrant organogenesis and small shreds of cuticle. (Eberl and Hilliker, 1988) At stage 11 of embryogenesis ectodermal cells lose their normal columnar shape and round up. 1-2hr later cells form clusters, rather than a monolayer. Dead cells are often seen on the outside of the embryo. Vesicles form of cells retaining epithelial characteristics, and later secrete grains or vesicles of cuticle. Many cells fail to become integrated into an epithelial sheet. Degeneration is most extreme in the epidermis, the pharynx and the amnioserosa, and least extreme in the proventriculus and Malpighian tubules which develop almost normally. (Tepass and Knust, 1993) Cell death is dramatically increased. Although no extra mesoderm cells are induced to become hemocytes the macrophages become larger than average. Cellular debris becomes located extracellularly in the hemolymph. (Tepass et al., 1994) Epithelial cells of ectodermal origin lose their apicobasal polarity resulting in the loss of epithelial integrity and cell death. Both epidermal and amnioserosa cells of stage 10 lack zonula adherens junctions (ZA) and the number of spot adherens junctions (SAJ) is lower. The structure of all ectodermally derived epithelia is affected to varying extents. (Grawe et al., 1996) First defects in zonula adherens formation are seen at the onset of germband extension on the dorsal side of the embryo in the developing amnioserosa. The distribution of adherens junction material at the apicolateral boundary is more irregular. (Tepass, 1996)
Interactions
	Show the genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
Phenotypic Class
Enhancer of
Statement Reference sdt^EH681 is an enhancer of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, arm^Scer\UAS.cWa (Greaves et al., 1999)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference sdt^EH681 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, argos::shg^{i.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Greaves et al., 1999)
Phenotype Manifest In
Suppressed by
Statement Reference sdt^EH681 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by l(2)gl[+]/l(2)gl²⁷⁵ (Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003) sdt^EH681 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by l(2)gl²⁷⁵/l(2)gl²⁷⁵ (Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003) sdt^EH681 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by l(2)gl⁴/l(2)gl⁴ (Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003) sdt^EH681 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by scrib[+]/scrib⁶⁷³ (Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003) sdt^EH681 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by scrib⁶⁷³/scrib⁶⁷³ (Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003) sdt^EH681 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible \| partially by l(2)gl[+]/l(2)gl⁴ (Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003)
Enhancer of
Statement Reference sdt^EH681 is an enhancer of wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, arm^Scer\UAS.cWa (Greaves et al., 1999)
Suppressor of
Statement Reference sdt^EH681 is a suppressor of wing phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, argos::shg^{i.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC} (Greaves et al., 1999)
Additional Comments
Genetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Xenogenetic Interactions
Statement Reference
Complementation & Rescue Data
Partially rescued by	sdt^EH681 is partially rescued by Scer\GAL4^da.G32/sdt^{Scer\UAS.MAGUK} (Bachmann et al., 2001)
Comments
Stocks ( 0 )

Notes on Origin
Discoverer

Comments
	sdt^EH681, sdt^7D, sdt², sdt³, sdt^K8 and Df(1)HA11 all have a similar phenotype. The sdt mutant phenotype is not enhanced by deleting the sdt gene from the maternal germline. The phenotype of amorphic sdt mutants is essentially the same as the phenotype of amorphic crb mutants. Embryos doubly mutant for sdt and crb mutants show the same phenotype as embryos singly mutant for either gene. Phenotype is unaffected by a duplication for crb⁺, Dp(3;3)M95A⁺13. (Tepass and Knust, 1993)
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 3 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	l(1)EH681 (Eberl and Hilliker, 1988) sdt^EH681 sdt^EH (Dunlop et al., 2004, Bilder et al., 2003, Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003, Bachmann et al., 2001, Hong et al., 2001, Greaves et al., 1999, Tepass, 1996, Grawe et al., 1996, Tepass et al., 1994, Tepass and Knust, 1993)
Name Synonym
Secondary FlyBase IDs

References ( 11 )
Research paper	Dunlop et al., 2004, Curr. Biol. 14(22): 2039--2045 glaikit is essential for the formation of epithelial polarity and neuronal development. [FBrf0180073] Bilder et al., 2003, Nature Cell Biol. 5(1): 53--58 Integrated activity of PDZ protein complexes regulates epithelial polarity. [FBrf0155998] Tanentzapf and Tepass, 2003, Nature Cell Biol. 5(1): 46--52 Interactions between the crumbs, lethal giant larvae and bazooka pathways in epithelial polarization. [FBrf0155997] Bachmann et al., 2001, Nature 414(6864): 638--643 Drosophila Stardust is a partner of Crumbs in the control of epithelial cell polarity. [FBrf0141670] Hong et al., 2001, Nature 414(6864): 634--638 Drosophila Stardust interacts with Crumbs to control polarity of epithelia but not neuroblasts. [FBrf0141669] Greaves et al., 1999, Genetics 153(4): 1753--1766 A screen for identifying genes interacting with armadillo, the Drosophila homolog of beta-catenin. [FBrf0123026] Grawe et al., 1996, Development 122(3): 951--959 The Drosophila genes crumbs and stardust are involved in the biogenesis of adherens junctions. [FBrf0086423] Tepass, 1996, Dev. Biol. 177(1): 217--225 Crumbs, a component of the apical membrane, is required for zonula adherens formation in primary epithelia of Drosophila. [FBrf0089843] Tepass et al., 1994, Development 120(7): 1829--1837 Embryonic origin of hemocytes and their relationship to cell death in Drosophila. [FBrf0074598] Tepass and Knust, 1993, Dev. Biol. 159(1): 311--326 Crumbs and stardust act in a genetic pathway that controls the organization of epithelia in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0058055] Eberl and Hilliker, 1988, Genetics 118: 109--120 Characterization of X-linked recessive lethal mutations affecting embryonic morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0048191]

Allele Dmel\sdtEH681

Allele Dmel\sdt^EH681